For Deaf and Hard-of-hearing (Hoh) students who are new to using spoken language for communication, reviewing foundations/mechanics of voicing/phonation and anatomy is helpful when first starting therapy. This foundation of knowledge conceptually allows them to build new skills or build on voice abilities they already have.

Based on voice assessment results, a student may know how to phonate, but may have areas of voice they could improve upon. These areas may include respiratory support and coordination for voicing, significant laryngeal tension, pitch that is too high or low, or inadequate resonance placement for speaking.